Blar i forfatter "Björk, Robert G."

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    • Global maps of soil temperature 

      Lembrechts, Jonas J.; van den Hoogen, Johan; Aalto, Juha; Ashcroft, Michael B.; de Frenne, Pieter; Kemppinen, Julia; Kopecký, Martin; Luoto, Miska; Maclean, Ilya M. D.; Crowther, Thomas W.; Bailey, Joseph J.; Haesen, Stef; Klinges, David H.; Niittynen, Pekka; Scheffers, Brett R.; Van Meerbeek, Koenraad; Aartsma, Peter; Abdalaze, Otar; Abedi, Mehdi; Aerts, Rien; Ahmadian, Negar; Ahrends, Antje; Alatalo, Juha M.; Alexander, Jake M.; Allonsius, Camille Nina; Altman, Jan; Ammann, Christof; Andres, Christian; Andrews, Christopher; Ardö, Jonas; Arriga, Nicola; Arzac, Alberto; Aschero, Valeria; Leandro de Assis, Rafael; Barančok, Peter; Barrio, Isabel C; Barros, Agustina; Lenoir, Jonathan; Assmann, Jakob Johann; Bader, Maaike Y.; Bahalkeh, Khadijeh; Basham, Edmund W.; Bauters, Marijn; Bazzichetto, Manuele; Marchesini, Luca Belelli; Bell, Michael C.; Benavides, Juan C.; Alonso, José Luis Benito; Berauer, Bernd J.; Bjerke, Jarle W.; Björk, Robert G.; Björkman, Mats P.; Björnsdóttir, Katrin; Blonder, Benjamin; Boeckx, Pascal; Boike, Julia; Bokhorst, Stef; Brum, Bárbara N.S.; Brůna, Josef; Buchmann, Nina; Buysse, Pauline; Camargo, José Luís; Campoe, Otávio C.; Candan, Onur; Canessa, Rafaella; Cannone, Nicoletta; Carbognani, Michele; Carnicer, Jofre; Casanova-Katny, Angélica; Cesarz, Simone; Chojnicki, Bogdan; Choler, Philippe; Chown, Steven L.; Cifuentes, Edgar F.; Čiliak, Marek; Contador, Tamara; Convey, Peter; Cooper, Elisabeth (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-29)
      Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic ...

    • Growth rings show limited evidence for ungulates’ potential to suppress shrubs across the Arctic 

      Vuorinen, Katariina Elsa Maria; Austrheim, Gunnar; Tremblay, Jean-Pierre; Myers-Smith, Isla H.; Hortman, Hans Ivar; Frank, Peter; Barrio, Isabel C.; Dalerum, Fredrik; Björkman, Mats Peter; Björk, Robert G.; Ehrich, Dorothee; Sokolov, Aleksandr; Sokolova, Natalya; Ropars, Pascale; Boudreau, Stephane; Normand, Signe; Prendin, Angela L.; Schmidt, Niels Martin; Pacheco-Solana, Arturo; Post, Eric; John, Christian; Kerby, Jeff; Sullivan, Patrick F.; Le Moullec, Mathilde; Hansen, Brage Bremset; van der Wal, René; Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik; Sandal, Lisa; Gough, Laura; Young, Amanda; Li, Bingxi; Magnusson, Runa I.; Sass-Klaassen, Ute; Buchwal, Agata; Welker, Jeffrey; Grogan, Paul; Andruko, Rhett; Volkovitskiy, Alexander; Terekhina, Alexandra; Speed, James David Mervyn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-22)
      Global warming has pronounced effects on tundra vegetation, and rising mean temperatures increase plant growth potential across the Arctic biome. Herbivores may counteract the warming impacts by reducing plant growth, but the strength of this effect may depend on prevailing regional climatic conditions. To study how ungulates interact with temperature to influence growth of tundra shrubs across ...

    • Location of studies and evidence of effects of herbivory on Arctic vegetation: a systematic map 

      Soininen, Eeva M; Barrio, Isabel C.; Bjørkås, Ragnhild; Björnsdóttir, Katrin; Ehrich, Dorothee; Hopping, Kelly A.; Kaarlejarvi, E.; Kolstad, Anders Lorentzen; Abdulmanova, Svetlana; Björk, Robert G.; Bueno, C. Guillermo; Eischeid, Isabell; Higgens, Rebecca Finger; Forbey, Jennifer; Gignac, Charles; Gilg, Olivier; Herder, Michael den; Holm, H. S.; Hwang, Bernice; Jepsen, Jane Uhd; Kamenova, Stefaniya; Kater, Ilona; Koltz, Amanda; Kristensen, Jeppe A.; Little, Chelsea J.; Macek, Petr; Mathisen, Karen Marie; Metcalfe, Daniel B.; Mosbacher, Jesper Bruun; Mörsdorf, M.; Park, Taejin; Propster, Jeffrey; Roberts, Aradhana J; Serrano, E; Spiegel, Marcus P.; Tamayo, Mariana; Tuomi, Maria Wilhelmina; Verma, Megha; Vuorinen, Katariina Elsa Maria; Väisänen, Maria; Wal, Rene van der; Wilcots, Megan; Yoccoz, Nigel; Speed, James David Mervyn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-14)
      Herbivores modify the structure and function of tundra ecosystems. Understanding their impacts is necessary to assess the responses of these ecosystems to ongoing environmental changes. However, the effects of herbivores on plants and ecosystem structure and function vary across the Arctic. Strong spatial variation in herbivore effects implies that the results of individual studies on herbivory ...

    • Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome 

      Bjorkman, Anne D.; Myers-Smith, Isla H.; Elmendorf, Sarah C.; Normand, Signe; Rüger, Nadja; Beck, Pieter S. A.; Blach-Overgaard, Anne; Blok, Daan; Cornelissen, J. Hans C.; Forbes, Bruce C.; Georges, Damien; Goetz, Scott J.; Guay, Kevin C.; Henry, Gregory H.R.; HilleRisLambers, Janneke; Hollister, Robert D.; Karger, Dirk N.; Kattge, Jens; Manning, Peter; Prevéy, Janet S.; Rixen, Christian; Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela; Thomas, Haydn J.D.; Vellend, Mark; Wilmking, Martin; Wipf, Sonja; Carbognani, Michele; Hermanutz, Luise; Lévesque, Esther; Molau, Ulf; Petraglia, Alessandro; Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.; Spasojevic, Marko J.; Tomaselli, Marcello; Vowles, Tage; Alatalo, Juha M.; Alexander, Heather D.; Anadon-Rosell, Alba; Angers-Blondin, Sandra; te Beest, Mariska; Berner, Logan; Björk, Robert G.; Buchwal, Agata; Buras, Allan; Christie, Katherine; Cooper, Elisabeth J.; Dullinger, Stefan; Elberling, Bo; Eskelinen, Anu; Frei, Esther R.; Grau, Oriol; Grogan, Paul; Hallinger, Martin; Semenschuk, Philipp; Speed, James David Mervyn; Hofgaard, Annika; Collier, Laura S.; Garcia, Maitane I.; Harper, Karen; Heijmans, Monique; Hudson, James; Hülber, Karl; Iversen, Colleen M.; Jaroszynska, Francesca; Johnstone, Jill; Jorgensen, Rasmus H.; Kaarlejärvi, Elina; Klady, Rebecca; Kuleza, Sara; Kulonen, Aino; Lamarque, Laurent J.; Lantz, Trevor; Lavalle, Amanda; Little, Chelsea J.; Speed, James D. M.; Michelsen, Anders; Milbau, Ann; Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob; Nielsen, Sigrid S.; Ninot, Josep M.; Oberbauer, Steve; Olofsson, Johan; Onipchenko, Vladimir G.; Rumpf, Sabine B; Semenchuk, Philipp; Shetti, Rohan; Street, Lorna; Suding, Katharine; Tape, Ken; Trant, Andrew; Treier, Urs; Tremblay, Jean-Pierre; Tremblay, Maxime; Venn, Susanna; Weijers, Stef; Zamin, Tara; Boulanger-Lapointe, Noemie; Gould, William A.; Hik, Dave; Hofgaard, Annika; Jonsdottir, Inga S.; Jorgenson, Janet; Klein, Julia; Magnusson, Borgthor; Tweedie, Craig; Wookey, Philip A.; Bahn, Michael; Blonder, Benjamin; van Bodegom, Peter; Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin; Campetella, Giandiego; Cerabolini, Bruno E. L.; Chapin III, F. Stuart; Cornwell, Will; Craine, Joseph; Dainese, Matteo; de Vries, Franciska T.; Diaz, Sandra; Enquist, Brian J.; Green, Walton; Manning, Peter; Milla, Ruben; Niinemets, Ülo; Onoda, Yusuke; Ordonez, Jenny; Ozinga, Wim A.; Penuelas, Josep; Poorter, Hendrik; Poschlod, Peter; Reich, Peter; Sandel, Brody; Schamp, Brandon; Sheremetev, Serge; Weiher, Evan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-26)
      The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relationships ...

    • A review of open top chamber (OTC) performance across the ITEX Network 

      Hollister, Robert D.; Elphinstone, Cassandra; Henry, Greg H.R.; Bjorkman, Anne D.; Klanderud, Kari; Björk, Robert G.; Björkman, Mats P.; Bokhorst, Stef; Carbognani, Michele; Cooper, Elisabeth; Dorrepaal, Ellen; Elmendorf, Sarah C.; Fetcher, Ned; Gallois, Elise C.; Gudmundsson, Jon Steinar; Healey, Nathan C.; Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg Svala; Klarenberg, Ingeborg J.; Oberbauer, Steven F.; Macek, Petr; May, Jeremy L.; Mereghetti, Alessandro; Molau, Ulf; Petraglia, Alessandro; Rinnan, Riikka; Rixen, Christian; Wookey, Philip A. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-19)
      Open top chambers (OTCs) were adopted as the recommended warming mechanism by the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX) network in the early 1990’s. Since then, OTCs have been deployed across the globe. Hundreds of papers have reported the impacts of OTCs on the abiotic environment and the biota. Here we review the impacts of the OTC on the physical environment, with comments on the appropriateness ...

    • The tundra phenology database: more than two decades of tundra phenology responses to climate change 

      Prevéy, Janet; Elmendorf, Sarah; Cooper, Elisabeth; Bjorkman, Anne; Alatalo, Juha M.; Ashton, Isabel; Björk, Mats P.; Assmann, Jakob J.; Björk, Robert G.; Björkman, Mats P.; Cannone, Nicoletta; Carbognani, Michele; Chisholm, Chelsea; Clark, Karin; Collins, Courtney G.; Elberling, Bo; Frei, Esther R.; Henry, Gregory R.H.; Hollister, Robert D.; Høye, Toke Thomas; Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg Svala; Kerby, Jeffrey T.; Klanderud, Kari; Kopp, Christopher; Levesque, Esther; Mauritz, Marguerite; Molau, Ulf; Myers-smith, Isla H.; Natali, Susan M.; Oberbauer, Steven F.; Panchen, Zoe; Petraglia, Alessandro; Post, Eric; Rixen, Christian; Rodenhizer, Heidi; Rumpf, Sabine B.; Schmidt, Niels Martin; Schuur, Ted; Semenchuk, Philipp; Smith, Jane Griffin; Suding, Katharine; Totland, Ørjan; Troxler, Tiffany; Wahren, Henrik; Welker, Jeffrey M.; Wipf, Sonja; Yang, Yue (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-11)
      Observations of changes in phenology have provided some of the strongest signals of the effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX), initiated in the early 1990s, established a common protocol to measure plant phenology in tundra study areas across the globe. Today, this valuable collection of phenology measurements depicts the responses of ...

    • Tundra Trait Team: A database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome 

      Bjorkman, Anne D.; Myers-Smith, Isla H.; Elmendorf, Sarah C.; Normand, Signe; Thomas, Haydn J.D.; Alatalo, Juha M.; Alexander, Heather; Anadon-Rosell, Alba; Angers-Blondin, Sandra; Bai, Yang; Baruah, Gaurav; te Beest, Mariska; Berner, Logan; Björk, Robert G.; Blok, Daan; Bruelheide, Helge; Buchwal, Agata; Buras, Allan; Carbognani, Michele; Christie, Katherine; Collier, Laura Siegwart; Cooper, Elisabeth J.; Cornelissen, J. Hans C.; Dickinson, Katharine J.M.; Dullinger, Stefan; Elberling, Bo; Eskelinen, Anu; Forbes, Bruce C.; Frei, Esther R.; Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane; Good, Megan K.; Grau, Oriol; Green, Peter; Greve, Michelle; Grogan, Paul; Haider, Sylvia; Hájek, Tomáš; Hallinger, Martin; Happonen, Konsta; Harper, Karen A.; Heijmans, Monicque M.P.D.; Henry, Gregory H.R.; Hermanutz, Luise; Hewitt, Rebecca E.; Hollister, Robert D.; Hudson, James; Hülber, Karl; Iversen, Colleen M.; Jaroszynska, Francesca; Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja; Johnstone, Jill; Jørgensen, Rasmus Halfdan; Kaarlejärvi, Elina; Klady, Rebecca; Klimešová, Jitka; Korsten, Annika; Kuleza, Sara; Kulonen, Aino; Lamarque, Laurent J.; Lantz, Trevor; Lavalle, Amanda; Lembrechts, Jonas J.; Lévesque, Esther; Little, Chelsea J.; Luoto, Miska; Macek, Petr; Mack, Michelle C.; Mathakutha, Rabia; Michelsen, Anders; Milbau, Ann; Molau, Ulf; Morgan, John W.; Mörsdorf, Martin Alfons; Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob; Nielsen, Sigrid Schøler; Ninot, Josep M.; Oberbauer, Steven F.; Olofsson, Johan; Onipchenko, Vladimir G.; Petraglia, Alessandro; Pickering, Catherine; Prevéy, Janet S.; Rixen, Christian; Rumpf, Sabine Bettina; Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela; Semenchuk, Philipp; Shetti, Rohan; Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.; Spasojevic, Marko J.; Speed, James David Mervyn; Street, Lorna E.; Suding, Katharine; Tape, Ken D.; Tomaselli, Marcello; Trant, Andrew; Treier, Urs A.; Tremblay, Jean-Pierre; Tremblay, Maxime; Venn, Susanna; Virkkala, Anna-Maria; Vowles, Tage; Weijers, Stef; Wilmking, Martin; Wipf, Sonja; Zamin, Tara (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-22)
      <p><i>Motivation</i>: The Tundra Trait Team (TTT) database includes field‐based measurements of key traits related to plant form and function at multiple sites across the tundra biome. This dataset can be used to address theoretical questions about plant strategy and trade‐offs, trait–environment relationships and environmental filtering, and trait variation across spatial scales, to validate satellite ...